In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful
The Religious Authority, Grand Ayatullah H.E. Sayyed M. H. Fadlullah delivered the two Friday prayer sermons at the Imamain Al-Hassanain Mosque on Rabi' Al-Awwal 16, 1422 AH/ June 8, 2001, AD. Several prominent religious scholars, dignitaries, officials, and thousands of believers attended the Jumu’a prayer. (Edited version of the Sermons)
The First Sermon
In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful
Celebrating Muhammad's Birth: Unity in His Path
Talking to His Messenger (p), Allah, the Most Exalted, says in His Glorious Book:
"O Prophet, indeed We have sent you as a witness and a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And one who invites to Allah, by His permission, and an illuminating lamp." Surat al-Ahzab (33:45-46)
He also says:
"Certainly did Allah confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book and wisdom, although they had been before in manifest error." Surat Ali 'Imran (3:164)
Tomorrow, the 17th of Rabi’ al-Awwal, is the celebration of the Prophet’s (p) birthday, according to the majority of Shiite religious scholars. It also coincides with commemorating the birth of Imam Jafar al-Sadiq.
On these two occasions, we should study how to hold our Islamic responsibilities in the future. When we remember such a great person who was chosen by Allah, the Most Exalted, to convey His message… to act as a witness on how people become attached to Allah, the Most Exalted, or how they deviate from the right path. He promises Heaven to the pious and warns those who do not obey Allah, the Most Exalted, that their fate is Allah’s Hellfire. He calls to Allah, for Islam is a call to Allah, the Most Exalted, just as all the messengers who came before him and called people to worship Allah, the Most Exalted, alone, and fear Him in all they do or say.
To Emigrate to Allah
This is what Jesus Christ meant when he felt his people’s disbelief. He asked:
"Who will be my supporters for Allah?"
The disciples replied: "We are supporters for Allah." Surat Ali 'Imran (3:52)
And this is what Lot meant when he said: "Indeed, I will emigrate to [the service of] my Lord." Surat al-'Ankabut (29:26)
He wanted us to emigrate to Allah, the Most Exalted, to leave disbelief for the oneness of Allah, and leave deviation for righteousness. Our hearts should move from hatred and enmity to love and mercy. All our life should change from being sinful to obeying Allah, the Most Exalted.
This change has to be made by your heart and mind. For Allah, the Most Exalted, wanted the message to cover all aspects of life. He sent Muhammad to all mankind. The Messenger conveyed the message to the whole nation, so that each one of them would, in his turn, carry the message to the whole universe and become a missionary. He lived for a certain period to explain the basis of Islam and convey the law. He came to tell you: Each one of you should carry his Islam in his mind and heart, and hold the responsibility of following Islam and calling people to it.
This is what the Messenger lived in the beginning of the call. He called his family and relatives to believe in Allah, the Most Exalted: "And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein." Surat Ta-Ha (20:132)
To call your family is to call for prayers and obedience to Allah, the Most Exalted. For prayers identify and distinguish the Muslim. He who prays becomes closely attached to Allah, the Most Exalted, and he who abandons it becomes separated from Allah, the Most Exalted, as if he is no longer a Muslim.
The first command Allah, the Most Exalted, gave to His Messenger was to warn his clan. Ali (a.s.) was only eleven years old at that time. Yet he was the only one who stood by him. The Messenger told him that he would be his successor, for although Ali was young he had a great mind. His heart, soul and mind were filled with those of the Prophet’s and he had the same soul as the Prophet.
Therefore, to be a Muslim is to call people to Islam. Even if you are a politician, you have to call for Islam. For our project is to spread Islam in the world; not by force, but by wisdom, dialogue and good words. Thus, we have to understand those around us and learn what they like and dislike. Then we will call them with love and understanding, and win their minds, after winning their hearts.
Our fathers have conveyed Islam to us, and we became Muslims and followers of Ahl al-Bayt thanks to them. Thus, it is our duty to convey Islam to our children and the coming generations… A pure, strong and civilized Islam… An Islam that radiates love, unity, strength and pride. We do not want an Islam whose people live in humiliation. We have to become strong and feel this strength in us.
One of the first conditions of this strength, dear youth and believers, is unity. Do not let anybody incite strife among you. Everyone is entitled to have his own views but we should not fight one another if we have diverging views. When we differ about anything, Allah, the Most Exalted, tells us to refer it to Him and to His Prophet, and not to our sectarian affiliations.
When we celebrate the birth of the Prophet, we have to say to him: We will celebrate your birth by uniting in the line of the Message you conveyed, for you have conveyed to us that which Allah, the Most Exalted, commands us to do: "And hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided." Surat Ali 'Imran (3:103)
Even if we are divided into sects, we have to remain united in Allah, the Most Exalted, and Islam. We have to resort to dialogue. If Allah, the Most Exalted, asks us to resort to dialogue with the people of the Book except those who were unjust… If this is the way we are supposed to treat the people of the Book, then it is only natural that we should treat Muslims at least in the same way. But our problems lie in the mentality that we had inherited from the ages of backwardness; to search for and underscore what divides us, so much so that one has even begun to divide himself into two persons.
On the celebration of the birth of the Prophet, we ought to learn from his teachings the true Islam, that of unity, broad-mindedness and love, and follow the principles that made his morals of an unprecedented greatness. We also have to learn the teachings of Imam Jafar al-Sadiq whose various contributions helped in institutionalizing the line of Ahl al-Bayt, as the authentic line of Islam. Did not the Prophet say:
"Members of my family among you are like Noah's Ark, whoever boards it will be safe and whoever does not will be drowned."
One of the infallible Imams that Allah had purified is Imam Abu Muhammad, Al-Hassan bin Ali Al-Askari, the 11th Imam of the blessed chain of Ahl al-Bayt, whose passing was commemorated yesterday, 8 Rabi' al-Awwal. As usual, we would like to take this opportunity to learn about their life and teachings so as to maintain our relationship with them and base it on what nourishes the mind, elevates the soul, and gives us strength and the ability to keep following the right path. For the relation between the Messenger (p), the Imams and us is not just a case of acknowledging their prophethood or imamate and then keep leading the life you chose. In this respect Allah says: "Obey Allah and obey the Messenger."
And "There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the Last Day and [who] remembers Allah often." Surat al-Ahzab (33:21)
Do not think that it is easy to follow their model; you need to fight against yourself. Imam Ali, the father of all the Imams, told his followers that he knows they cannot live the same way he did, and asked them to, at least, help him to continue leading the pious, ascetic and righteous type of life he led.
Imam Muhammad al-Baqir asked:
"Is it enough to say you love Ali and believe in his Imamate without following him? The Messenger is better than Ali and you cannot say that you love the Messenger and not follow his commands?"
To follow the Messenger and the Imams is to be committed to their beliefs, sentiments, ideas and actions. That is why we have to learn about their sayings, actions, stands, beliefs and religious sciences.
Although Imam Al-Askari died young, for he was poisoned, he had a great intellectual impact on his contemporaries. He taught many religious scholars, who used to consider him as their religious authority. He had such a great social and political position that no one else matched, even some of the dignitaries of Bani Hashim. The Abbasid Caliphs also respected him and feared him, for the people used to believe in his imamate, and this made him the only legitimate leader who was feared, like all the other Imams, by the de-facto rulers, who persecuted them and kept close watch on their actions.
One of the ministers of the Abbasid Caliphs of that time was criticized by his son for showing a great respect for the Imam that he did not see his father maintain for anybody else. The minister told his son: "Were the Abbasids to lose the caliphate, none of the Bani Hashim deserves to be a caliph other than him. He is so pious, righteous, of good manners and neglectful of worldly gains…" Having heard such a testimony from his father, the son began to investigate the matter and found out that the Imam was the most respected even among the leaders and dignitaries of Bani Hashim including the Abbasids, and even among his enemies.
In another story, Al-Mutawakkil, one of the Abbasid caliphs, imprisoned the Imam. And as if this was not enough, some of the Abbasids met the jail warden and asked him to tighten the grip on him. The warden said: I have asked two of the toughest and meanest men to take care of him, but they soon began to dedicate their time to prayers.
The warden called the jailers and asked them, "What is the matter with you?" They said: "What could we do with a man who fasts all day and stays up all night praying. He does not talk and does not engage in anything other than worship. And if we look at him, we will start trembling…"
On this anniversary, we ought to listen to some of the Imam’s teachings:
"I ask you to fear Allah, be pious, truthful, as well as trustworthy. I ask you to return what you are entrusted with to its owners be they good or bad. I also ask you to be good neighbors…"
Imam Al-Askari, and the other Imams who came before him, used to tell the Shiites to remain integrated and not separate themselves from the other Muslims. He said: "Pray among them. Take part in their funerals, visit their sick ones and give them what is due to them. If any of you is known to be pious, truthful, trustworthy and of good manners, I will be glad when they say he is a Shiite… You should make the people believe we are good and not bring us humiliation. Because the good they say about us is true while the bad is not. Anyone who claims a legitimacy that is written in Allah’s Book, a relation to the Prophet, and purification from Allah apart from us is a liar."
"Keep remembering Allah and death and this will keep you pious and righteous."
These are some of the teachings the Imam used to repeat to his followers, and we being among those followers have to abide by them and follow the right path.
The Second Sermon
In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful
The Ongoing Palestinian Struggle
The Palestinian people are still offering one martyr after another. They continue to suffer from the economic and political siege while the United Nations is content to stand and watch. It does not provide any help or assistance, since America prevents the Security Council from issuing any decisions that condemn the enemy. At the same time it provides the Zionists with advanced weapons to kill the children, women and men of Palestine, as well as destroying their gardens and houses.
But the Mujahideen were able to make the occupation difficult for the occupier. They proved the falseness of Sharon’s promise to establish security within 100 days. The Israelis became obsessed with the fear that their security might be shaken at any time or place. This situation made America interfere in an effort to stop the Intifada under the pretense of "Stopping Palestinian violence". It called on Israel to practice self-restraint; as if it were the victim and the Palestinians were the aggressors.
America’s problem lies in the fact that it does not consider Israel as an occupying state of another people’s land; rather it announces that the problem is one of disputed lands. It calls on the Palestinians to accept what Israel dictates without any consideration for the needs of this people for freedom and independence. That is why it never issued a statement calling Israel to get out of the occupied lands, or to allow the refugees to return and implement UN resolutions.
The next stage will be marked by an increase in the American, European and Arab pressures calling on the Palestinians to stop the Intifada. They will threaten them with political isolation, economic boycott, and leaving them to face the Israeli brutal shelling until they surrender… We call on the Palestinians to confront these pressures, endure all the pains and carry on with the Intifada. We also call for the unity of all Palestinian factions, for many plots are being carried out to create dissension and strife among them. The Palestinian people are about to gain their freedom. They cannot risk losing all their sacrifices and endangering their cause.
The Arab and Muslim peoples have to continue their economic, political and informational if not military support of the Intifada. We have to wipe out the humiliation of the fifth of June by a great victory in Palestine, as we wiped out the humiliation of the Israeli invasion by the victory of the Resistance in Lebanon.
The Lebanese Internal Situation
On the internal Lebanese level, the political differences between the higher Lebanese officials have complicated the situation in Lebanon to a great extent. Moreover, the mass media reporting on these differences does not serve the country’s interests and might even hurt them. Such disputes could have been solved behind closed doors, especially those related to the struggle against the Israeli enemy, and the Sheba’a Farms.
Such a country that suffers from an economic catastrophe has a dire need for all the leaders, politicians, social and economic activists to meet in a state of emergency and try to come up with a solution.
I call on all parties to be realistic and have the future of their country at heart, and refrain from raising an issue that might have negative repercussions with no benefit whatsoever.
Dear Lebanese: Be realistic without abandoning your principles… Be citizens and not members of sects… Let each and every one of you be "the child's mother". The country is in desperate need of a kind mother who would look after its security and economy. Could the state play this role? Or are some of the officials going to continue to give priority to their own interest?